Tuesday, 1 February 2011

Mandanmohan Rao's book '15 Years of the Internet in Asia'


 Dr Madanmohan Rao’s book “15 Years of the Internet in Asia”  is scheduled to be launched in Delhi on February 11. A website about the book is already up, http://netchakra.net/ . The website tells us that the book has the following chapters:

(As one who studied online editions of Indian newspapers for a doctoral thesis, I found the chapters of the book very important for information and references. I have not yet read the book, but I will like to go through it at the earliest)

Chapters in the book:

Part I: Foundations
Internet and India: A Bond That’s Growing Stronger
Manish Dalal
The Future is in the CloudRajnesh D. Singh

Part II: The Pioneers
Bringing the Internet to India
Srinivasan Ramani
Birth and Growth of Internet in India
T.H. Chowdary
India’s Internet Policy and Regulatory Regime
Amitabh Singhal
From BB (Bulletin Boards) to BB (Broad Band) Internet
Suchit Nanda
From NRIs to Indians to Global Citizens: Evolution of the Indian Presence on the Internet
B.G. Mahesh
The IndiaWorld Story
Rajesh Jain

Part III: Internet Impacts
e-Panchayat: Digital Networks for Government Efficiency
D.K. Jain
e-Government in India: Converting The Digital Divide Into A Digital Opportunity
Ashis Sanyal
Internet in India: Impact on Farming
Venkataraman Balaji
The Internet in a Developing Society
Usha Vyasulu Reddy
Fifteen years of Internet in India: Impact in Educational Institutes
S. Sadagopan
India's transition to a Knowledge Economy
Amir Ullah Khan
Impact of the Internet on Skills & Education in India
Ganesh Natarajan
Internet and Education in India: Crisscross connection
Mira K Desai
Financial inclusion and the Internet
Arun Jethmalani
News Media: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow
Sunil Saxena
Internet Literacy in a Globalised Media World
Keval J. Kumar
The Evolution of E-Commerce in India: A Policy Perspective
Alwyn Didar Singh

Part IV: Case Studies


Telemedicine and the Internet
Arjun Kalyanpur
Development Dialogues on, for, and via the Internet
Frederick Noronha

India Infoline: A Story of Internet Transformation
Nirmal Jain

Rural Business and the Internet: Sustainability, Profitability and role of Governance
Satyan Mishra and Nitin Gachhayat
  
Part V: Looking Ahead
A Decade of Cyberlaw in India
Pavan Duggal
The New Iron Ore and the Roar of the Cloud
Sunny Ghosh and Sanjukt K. Saha
25 Years of .Com: Looking Back and Forward
Patrick Kane

From Landline to Mobile: India’s Internet Boom?
Vijay Shekar Sharma
The New Complexity of Internet Governance
Wolfgang Kleinwächter

Epilogue/
Sam Pitroda

आपला समाज सुसंस्कृततेच्या मार्गावर पुन्हा वाटचाल करू लागेल.. अरुण टिकेकर


ज्येष्ठ पत्रकार सुभाष नाईक यांनी इ मेल ने पाठविलेला हा मजकूर मुद्दाम मराठी पत्रकार आणि लेखक यांच्या प्रबोधना साठी येथे देत आहे. (धन्यवाद सुभाष!)

पत्रकार-संशोधक आणि लोकसत्ताचे माजी संपादक डॉ. अरुण टिकेकर यांना 26 जानेवारी रोजी पुण्यात महाराष्ट्र फाउंडेशनच्या वतीने जीवन गौरव पुरस्कार देण्यात आला. त्या वेळी त्यांनी व्यक्त केलेलं मनोगत..

चाळीस वर्षापूर्वीची गोष्ट. एका बहुचर्चित ग्रंथाच्या परीक्षणात्मक लेखात मी त्या ग्रंथलेखकावर वाङमयचौर्याचा आरोप करताना हजार-बाराशे शब्दांत ‘वाङमयचौर्य’ अथवाडल्ला’ असा कोणताही शब्द वापरला नव्हता. त्या लेखावरच्या दोन प्रातिनिधिक प्रतिक्रिया मला या माझ्या मोठय़ा सन्मानाच्या प्रसंगी सांगाव्याशा वाटतातकारण या उदाहरणावरून माझ्या लेखनशैलीवर इतरांकडून होणा-या टीका-टिप्पणीला आपोआप उत्तर मिळेल असं मला वाटलं. पहिली प्रतिक्रिया आमच्या शाळेचे मुख्याध्यापकप्राध्यापक के.पं. मंगळवेढेकर यांची. त्यांनी पत्र लिहून मला शाबासकी दिली होती. ‘सौम्य शब्दांत पण स्पष्टपणे आणि परखडपणे लिहिलं तर ते अधिक झोंबतं’ हा त्यांचा अभिप्राय होतातर लेख ज्या वृत्तपत्रात प्रसिद्ध झाला त्याच्या संपादकांनी म्हटलं होतं, ‘तुमच्याइतका मसाला मला मिळाला असता नातर मी पहिल्याच वाक्यात लेखक महाशयांना इतकी जोरात चपराक ठेवून दिली असती कीत्यांना तिरीमिरी आली असतीकारणं वगैरे मी नंतर दिली असती. तुम्ही काय केलंयअनेकदा त्याला खिंडीत गाठून ‘आता तुला का मारू नये’ असं प्रत्येक वेळी म्हणत राहिलात!’ ज्याच्या नैतिक अधिकाराची आणि विद्वत्तेची ओळखही वाचकांना पटलेली नसते असा एखादा लेखक-संपादक आज चटकन संपादकीयात किंवा लेखात ‘सरकारचे डोके ठिकाणावर आहे का?’ असं लोकमान्य टिळकांच्या आविर्भावात विचारतोतेव्हा मला हा पूर्वीचा प्रसंग आठवतो. लोकमान्यांनी हे शीर्षक अग्रलेखाला दिलंत्या वेळी परकीय सरकार होतंहे तरी ध्यानात घ्यायला हवं निदान! ही अशी भाषा मला असभ्यपणाची वाटते. अंतिमत: ती परिणामकारक होत नाही असं माझं मत आहे. महात्मा गांधींनी एकदा ब्रिटिश पार्लमेंटला prostitute म्हणून संबोधिलं होतं. पण या शब्दामुळे तमाम स्त्रीवर्गाचा अवमान होतोहे ध्यानात येऊन त्यांनी या शब्दाच्या वापराबद्दल स्वत:हून खेद व्यक्त केला होता. हे उदाहरण मला सदैव मार्गदर्शक वाटतं.

मी लिहिलं- मराठीत आणि इंग्रजीतही. ते स्पष्ट शब्दांत तरीही सभ्यता न सोडता लिहिलेलं असावं. यासाठी मी गेल्या पंचवीसाधिक वर्षात विशेष प्रयत्न केले. इतरांचे जाहीररीत्या कपडे फाडले तर आपल्याला नेहमीच बरं वाटतं. आपलं मनोरंजनही होतंपण तीच बाब आपल्या बाबतीत घडली तर मात्र आपण संपादकांवर वा लेखकावर आगपाखड करू लागतो. माझा खरा मुद्दा वेगळाच आहे. अशा भडकसनसनाटी टीकेचा वाचकांवर काही परिणाम होतो कातर नाही. आजच्या वृत्तपत्र संपादकानं समाज-मन बदलण्यासाठी लिहिणं आवश्यक आहेअसं मला वाटतं. घणाघाती टीकेनं मनोरंजन होईल,टाळ्या पडतीलकाही जण स्तुतिसुमनंही उधळतीलपण समाजमनावर निश्चित असा परिणाम होणार नाही. चांगल्या समाजबदलासाठी सौम्य भाषेत समाजघटकांना विचार करायला लावणंपटवून सांगणं अगत्याचं आहेहे माझं मत केवळ ते माझ्या प्रकृतीला मानवणारं आहे म्हणून सांगत नाहीतर विचारपूर्वक मी ते स्वीकारलं आहे.

पीएच.डी.साठी प्रबंध लिहिताना मी एकोणिसाव्या शतकाचा वेध घेण्याचा जो प्रयत्न आरंभलात्यात न्यायमूर्ती रानडे आणि लोकमान्य टिळक या दोन लोकोत्तर व्यक्तींच्या विचारांचा अभ्यास करणं मला क्रमप्राप्त होतं. टिळकांची जहाल भाषा आणि रानडय़ांची सौम्य भाषा यात मला रानडे यांच्या विचारपद्धतीत तसेच भाषाशैलीत अधिक गुण आढळले. त्यामुळे रानडे यांच्या उदारमतवादी विचारांचा पाठपुरावा करत मी मार्गक्रमण केलं आहे. रानडे-संप्रदाय आणि टिळक-संप्रदाय या दोन वैचारिक प्रवाहांपैकी मी रानडे-संप्रदाय स्वीकारला आहे कातर तसा मी पूर्णपणे रानडे-संप्रदायाचा नाही.

न्यायमूर्ती रानडे हे मूलत: सश्रद्धपरमेश्वर हाच विश्वाच्या केंद्रस्थानी असल्याचं समजणारेमानणारे आणि त्या मताचा प्रसार करणारे. मी या बाबतीत आगरकरवादीनिधर्मी बुद्धिवादाला मानणारा. मात्र मला रानडय़ांचा उदारमतवाद मनोमन पटतो. ‘सामाजिक उत्क्रांतीच होतेसामाजिक क्रांती होत नसते,’ हे रानडय़ांचं मत मला पूर्णपणे पटतं. समाज-मन बदलल्याशिवाय समाज बदलणार नाही. या त्यांच्या मताशी तर मी पूर्णपणे सहमत आहे. आगरकरी भाषेपेक्षा रानडय़ांच्या भाषेची मोहिनी मला पडली. माझ्या लेखनात प्रश्नचिन्हं फार असतातअसा सूर लावणारेही आहेत. खरंच आहे ते. एखाद्या चबुत-यावर उभं राहून आजच्या समाजाला मी उपदेशाचे डोस पाजत राहिलो तर कोणी माझं ऐकेल कामाझ्या लेखनाचा त्यांच्यावर प्रभाव पडेल काअशी शंका मला नेहमी वाटते. माझी डॉक्टरकी ही वैद्यकीय पेशातली नाही. त्यामुळे ‘दे इंजेक्शन आणि कर आजार बरा’, अशातला प्रकार माझ्या बाबतीत शक्य नाही. शिवाय समाजाला इंजेक्शन देण्याची पात्रता माझ्याकडे नाहीहे मला चांगलं ठाऊक आहेकदाचित समाजाचं अनारोग्य हे इंजेक्शन घेऊन बरं होण्याच्या पलीकडं गेलं आहे. समाजाच्या समस्यांची सर्व उत्तरं माझ्याकडे आहेतअसाही माझा दावा नाही. मग मी काय करू शकतोतर माझ्याइतकीच किंबहुना अधिक बुद्धी असलेल्या वाचकांसमोर मला पडणारे प्रश्न मांडू शकतोत्यांना विचार करायला लावून त्या समस्यांची आपापली उत्तरं शोधायला उद्युक्त करू शकतोहीच माझी भूमिका आजपर्यंत राहिली आहे.

हे मी कादंबरीसारख्या सर्जनशील वाङ्मयकृतीतून करू शकलो असतो काकरू शकलो असतोजर माझ्याकडे तशी प्रतिभा असेल तर. जेव्हा म्हणून संस्कृतीचा अपकर्ष होतोतेव्हा अवश्यपणे कलाविकास होतो. (when culture declines art flourishes) असा सामाजिक सिद्धांत मांडला जातो. जेव्हा जेव्हा संस्कृतीची घसरण होतेसमाज भ्रष्ट होतोसमाजघटक मतलबी बनताततेव्हा तेव्हा विविध कला अधिक विकसित होतातया सिद्धांतावर माझा विश्वास आहे. साहित्यिक,कलावंत थयथयाट न करता आपापल्या कला-माध्यमांतून भ्रष्ट यंत्रणेविरुद्ध शांततापूर्वक बंड करून उठतात आणि समाज-मनात बदल घडवून आणतातहे अनेक संस्कृतीच्या इतिहासात पाहायला मिळतं. आपल्या आजच्या समाजात संस्कृतीचा अपकर्ष झाला आहेपण साहित्यिककलावंत थिजून गेल्याप्रमाणे आज तरी शांत बसले आहेतसंवेदनाहीन झाल्यासारखे. ते जागृत होतीलतो महाराष्ट्राच्या दृष्टीने सुदिन ठरणार आहे.

सांगायचं असं की मी सर्जनशील साहित्याच्या क्षेत्रात उतरू शकलो असतोमाझ्याकडे तेवढी प्रतिभा असती तर. पण ती तशी माझ्याकडे आहे की नाहीहे मी पडताळून पाहण्याची संधीच मला मिळाली नाही. त्याला कारण होतं माझे आदरणीय काका- श्री. रा. टिकेकर. प्राध्यापकीला सुरुवात केल्याकेल्या मी चार-दोन कथा लिहिल्या होत्या. त्यातील एक ‘सत्यकथेत प्रसिद्धही झाली होती. त्या काळी ‘सत्यकथेत कथा प्रसिद्ध झालेला लेखक महिनाभर तरी जमिनीपासून दोन-चार इंच उंच हवेत चालायचा. पण ती प्रसिद्ध झाल्यानंतर ज्या माझ्या काकांच्या घरी मी राहत असेत्यांच्या धाकानं मी मात्र धास्तावलेला होतो. त्यांना ती कथा मी दाखवली नव्हतीपण कोठून तरी त्यांना ती ज्ञात झाली असणारत्यांनी मला समोर बसवून इतिहासलेखन आणि कथा-कादंबरी लेखन ही एकमेकाला पूरक कशी नाहीतउलट एकमेकाला मारक कशी आहेतयावर माझं बौद्धिक घेतलं. .. अखेरीस मला पटलं कीइतिहासलेखन आणि कथा-कादंबरी लेखन या दोहोंसाठी वेगवेगळी मानसिक जडणघडण लागते. काका-पुतण्याच्या या एका बैठकीत ‘सत्यकथेनं एक ‘होतकरू’ कथालेखक गमावला. माझा मात्र ‘ललित संशोधन’ या हल्लीच्या परवलीच्या शब्दापासून बचाव झाला.

माझ्या आयुष्यातील तिसरी घटना. काकांचा एक लेख घेऊन मी ‘इंडियन एक्स्प्रेसचे मुख्य संपादक असलेल्या व्ही.के. नरसिंहन यांना भेटायला गेलो होतो. त्यांनी मला समोरच्या खुर्चीवर बसवून माझीही चौकशी केलीमी काय करत आहे वगैरे.. इंग्लिश घेऊन एम.ए. करत आहेअसं म्हणताच ते उद्गारले, 'but have your parents thought about the future of  English language in India?’  चार दशकांपूर्वी त्यांनी उपस्थित केलेल्या या प्रश्नाने मी गांगरून गेलो होतो खरा. पण इतक्या वर्षानंतर आज मला मी इंग्रजी शिकलो ते योग्यच केलंअन्यथा इंग्रजी वाङमयातील उत्तम साहित्यकृती आणि गंभीर वैचारिक लेखन यांच्या आस्वादाला मुकलो असतो असं वाटतं. इंग्लिश वा अन्य भाषा शिकण्यात गैर काय हे मला कधीच कळलं नाही. अर्थात मातृभाषेला पर्याय नाहीती प्रत्येकाला आलीच पाहिजे. मातृभाषेतील मौलिक साहित्यकृतींचा आस्वाद प्रत्येकानं घेतलाच पाहिजे. तो शाळेत-प्रशालेत वा महाविद्यालयात घ्यावा वा घरी अथवा वाचनालयात घ्यावापण आपलं असं झालं आहे कीइंग्रजीचा बागुलबुवा करत आपण मराठीकडे दुर्लक्ष करत आहोत. कदाचित आपली इंग्लिश भाषा सुधारली तर त्याबरोबर आपली मराठी हीसुद्धा सुधारेल. मराठी दुर्लक्षिली जात असल्याबद्दल आपण कोलाहल करतोपण भाषेबद्दलवाङमयाबद्दल आपली अनास्था घालवण्याचा प्रयत्न करत नाही.

मराठी भाषेत संकल्पना निर्माण होण्याचंनव्या शब्दांची भर पडण्याचं थांबलं आहेयाचा विषाद आपल्याला वाटत नाही. इंग्रजी-मराठीचा जो संघर्ष आपण लावला आहे तो बेगडी आहेअसं माझ मत आहे. प्रत्येक लेखक भाषातज्ज्ञ असेलच असं नाही. लेखकाच्या अधिकारात प्रत्येक जण भाषांच्या समस्यांवर बोलू लागलातर गोंधळच माजणार. नेमकं तेच आपल्या बाबतीत झालं आहे. इंग्रजीत लिहिणारे मराठी लेखक तरी कोठे आहेतउत्कृष्ट मराठी वाङमयकृती इंग्रजी किंवा अन्य भाषेत अनुवादित करणारे तरी किती आहेत?
 एकोणिसाव्या आणि विसाव्या शतकात दोन्ही भाषांत लिहिणारी मंडळी होतीती एकाएकी कोठे गेलीफार तर हाताच्या बोटावर मोजता येतील एवढीच मंडळी आज आपल्यात आहेत आणि आपल्या लेखकांना जागतिक स्तरावर जाता का येत नाहीयाची चर्चा मात्र आपण उच्चरवात करत असतो. एखादा-दुसरा लेख इंग्रजीत प्रसिद्ध झालेल्या मराठी लेखकाचं दोन्ही भाषांवर प्रभुत्व असल्याची आपली समजूत होते. भाषेवर प्रभुत्व सहजासहजी मिळत नाहीकिंवा थोडय़ाथोडक्या प्रयत्नांनी मिळत नाहीत्यासाठी अखंड साधना करावी लागतेहे आपण ध्यानात घ्यायला तयार नसतो. परखड लेखनातही भडकपणा अथवा सनसनाटी नसावीते सौम्य आणि सभ्यतेची मर्यादा न ओलांडणारं असावंलेखनात अनावश्यक शब्द टाळण्याचा प्रयत्न करावाबंदिस्तकाळजीपूर्वक केलेलं असं लेखन असावंकृत्रिमअलंकारिक किंवा टाळ्या मिळवणा-या वाक्यांचा वापर टाळावाभाषेबाबतच्या अशा संकेतांबरोबर आपल्याकडे विनाकारण मोठेपणा घेऊ नयेसमाज-मनात बदल घडवून आणण्याचा प्रयत्न करावा.. अशी जी शिकवण घरच्यांनीशालेय आणि महाविद्यालयीन गुरुजनांनी वेळोवेळी दिलीती पाळण्याचा मी प्रयत्न केला. या मार्गक्रमणात वाङमयापाठोपाठ स्थानीय इतिहाससामाजिक आणि सांस्कृतिक इतिहासअसे टप्पे गाठत गेलोते गाठताना पुन्हा पुन्हा विद्यार्थीपण स्वीकारत गेलो.परंतु 30-35 वर्षापूर्वीचा आपला समाज आणि आजचा आपला समाज यात महदंतर पडलं आहे. सामोपचारसौम्यपणासभ्यता यांचं समाजाला वावडं आहे की काय असं वाटू लागलं आहे. सौम्य आवाज हा क्षीणदुर्बल आवाज मानण्याकडे समाजाची प्रवृत्ती बनली आहे. त्यामुळे समानधर्मीय अल्पसंख्याकात मी आहेयाची मला जाणीव आहे. तरीही आज ना उद्याआपला समाजसुसंस्कृततेच्या मार्गावर पुन्हा वाटचाल करू लागेलअशी खात्री मला वाटते. तोपर्यंत माझ्यासारख्यांनी उमेद कायम टिकवली पाहिजे. 
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Tuesday, 18 January 2011

Branding Strategies for Newspapers

MICA has designed a three-day workshop to address editorial and marketing challenges and branding strategies for newspapers. Dr. Pradeep Krishnatray, Dean-Research, MICA, has mailed me the following details:

Riding the Wave
Branding Strategies for Newspapers
February 3 ‐ 5, 2011, MICA Campus, Ahmedabad

During the last decade, unlike several developed countries, the newspaper industry in India has shown intense competition; not only have new newspapers been launched but also newspapers published from one city or state have launched new editions in different cities and states. Several traditional newspaper bastions have been successfully breached.
Today, newspaper industry in India is being described as the “Sunrise Industry” as against the “Sunset Industry” in the rest of the world. It is predicted that in the next decade the print industry in India will grow at a rate of 5 percent. Top dailies across the country have seen growth in readership in the recent round of IRS. Publishers are now looking for strengthening their brands and for new opportunities to ride this wave.
  • ·         What do you do as the next best newspaper?
  • ·         How do you retain your leadership in the market?
  • ·         How do you make your mark as a newspaper brand?
  • ·         Can you create a niche brand against competitive pressure?
MICA has designed a 3-day workshop to address editorial and marketing challenges and branding strategies for newspapers.

Programme Objectives
  • ·         Understand winning strategies: Case studies of newspapers from Indian and foreign markets
  • ·         Branding newspapers in dual audience market
  • ·         Understanding profile of readers-consumers
  • ·         Design content and activation strategies appropriate for readers-consumers
  • ·         Analyze competition strengths and weaknesses, trends in newspaper market
  • ·         Workshop to reflect on live problems based on issues related to participants’ market place
  • ·         Learning Outcomes
  • ·         At the end of the workshop, newspaper managers and editors would be able to
  • ·         Analyze competition and audiences and use insights obtained from it
  • ·         Make editorial and marketing decisions from branding perspective
  • ·         Design newspapers from audience perspective
 Speakers:
  • Mr. Ajay Umat, Group Editor, Divya Bhaskar
  • Mr. Amit Sheth, Design Consultant and Visiting Faculty, NID
  • Dr. Anita Basalingappa, Chairperson, Marketing Area, MICA
  • Prof. Ashok Ranchhod, Director, MICA
  • Ms. Indrani Sen, Media & Marketing Consultant, Adjunct Faculty, MICA
  • Mr. I. Venkat, Director, Eenadu Group
  • Mr. Jwalant Swaroop, Director, Advertising & Business Development, Lokmat Media Ltd.
  • Dr. Pradeep Krishnatray, Dean-Research, MICA

 Programme dates
3 – 5 February, 2011
Venue
Mudra Institute of Communications, Ahmedabad (MICA)

Programme Fees

` 18,000/-
Communications Faculty

`10,000/-MICAMICA
Management Development Programme Office
MICA, Shela, Ahmedabad-380058, Gujarat, INDIA

Tel: +91-2717-308250, 247946 to 51
Fax: +91-2717-308349
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Monday, 3 January 2011

Refereed Indian Communication Research Journal Launched


Communication teachers, students and researchers in India now have an Indian refereed research journal. 
The Media Mimansa, the critique magazine of the Bhpal-based Makhanlal Chaturvedi Makhanlal Chaturvedi Rashtriya Patrakarita Vishwavidyalaya, has become the peer-reviewed research journal beginning with its Volume IV, No. 1, July-September, 2010.

Those associated with me will recall that I have been discussing the need for launching such a journal for the past five-six years. 

Everybody agreed, but who would take the lead? I even used to suggest that we could have an online journal, to begin with. During one informal meeting of media school heads, they asked me to take the initiative promising that they would support me in the endeavour. 

I did take some steps, but let me confess: it was not an easy task, and I failed to move further. Soon, I retired as HoD and did not have any base to continue with the initiative.

I persisted and kept mentioning the proposal through this blog. I was delighted when peers in two communication schools ventured to bring out their annuals as journals.  I expressed my happiness in so many words through the posts of this blog. In due course I realised, however, that it was not a smooth ride for the heads of the schools of the two institutes as they failed to bring out their next issues on time.

When Prof B K Kuthiala took over as Vice Chancellor of the Makhanlal Chaturvedi National University of Journalism and Communication, I congratulated him; and ventured to suggest that his university should launch refereed journal, in English and Hindi. In less than 20 minutes, I received his mail saying that a meeting of the University faculty had taken a decision to that effect earlier the same day.

The editorial signed by Prof Kuthiala in the latest issue promises us that the Media Mimansa would accept research papers both in English and Hindi. The papers will be published in both the languages to create a link between those working in English with those who read and write in Hindi.

The current issue is almost like a text book in Communication Research. It focuses on what, how and why of communication. More important, it has an Indian context in some, if not all, chapters covered in the issue. The issue provides us discussion on some finer points which are not easily available in Indian books on Communication research.

The Media Mimansa would send every research paper to at least two experts who would decide if it is worth published in the journal. The author would receive back the paper for modification if these referees make suggestions to that effect. If the author does not agree with the suggestion, the editor will send the paper to a third expert, as is the standard procedure followed by reputed journals all over the word.

I do hope that this journal will fulfil the need felt by young researchers, particularly the teachers in communication and journalism colleges and post-graduate departments. It is important for them not only in their academic pursuits but also for career advancement because the UGC has made it mandatory that only those research papers published in referred journals would be considered for appointments and promotions.

The Makhanlal Chaturvedi Makhanlal Chaturvedi Rashtriya Patrakarita Vishwavidyalay has done its job and has given us a research journal. It is up to the researchers to provide quality research papers that meet the international norms, and also subscribe to Media Mimansa so that the activity is sustained, and future researchers have references available in Indian context.
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Media Mimansa
Volume 4, No. 1
July-September 20101

Editor: Prof B K Kuthiala
Vice Chancellor
Makhanlal Chaturvedi National University of Journalism and Communication
Language Editors: Prof C K Sardana (English), Mr Raghvendra Singh (Hindi)

Subscription: Single Copy: Rs. 100.00 Annual 350.00
Institutional Membership: Rs. 1000.00 (Annual)
Students and research scholars: Single copy: Rs. 75.00, Annual: Rs. 200.00
Mode of payment: Crossed draft in favour of Registrar, MCRPVV, Bhopal

Address: Registrar, Makhanlal Chaturvedi National University of Journalism and Communication, B-38, Vikas Bhavan, M.P. Nagar Zone I, Bhopal 462011

For inquiries: 0755 2554910, Mobile: 098935564 

mail: mediamimansa.mcu@gmail.com

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Thursday, 4 November 2010

Tribute to KEE


When his nephew flashed a message that Prof Eapen was critically ill in August 2009, a few of us rushed to see him in the hospital. By then his critical faculties to recognise us had failed. Little more than a year later, on October 23, he breathed his last. The Hindu carried an obit on the national page.
Prof K.E. Eapen (KEE) was a distinguished communication scholar and educator and former vice president of the International Association for Mass Communication and Research (IAMCR). To many of us, our association with him began when he set up the Department of Communication at Bangalore University in 1973. Although Journalism was formally incorporated into universities by then, moving beyond and establishing a broader process oriented multi disciplinary subject was his achievement. Fighting through the system, KEE has the credit for seeding and crystallising a separate subject panel for Journalism & Mass Communication in UGC. Such formative attempts have enabled the subject to grow and transcend the initial lukewarm response of media professionals and media institutions.
Communication to KEE was a science and hence he was keen on labelling our degrees in the broader science framework while fighting for and establishing a separate faculty of communication in Bangalore University. Detractors continued to battle this approach while adopting the essential features of what the subject required. Those were the days when there were only few professors in the subject and they became responsible for assessing and according approval for starting departments in various universities. However, they could not address the systemic neglect of the departments by way of adequate resources. Thus when the subject panel was institutionalised in the UGC, part of the benefits included recognition that certain essential support systems were needed including faculty to run the programmes.
With his background at Hislop’s college Nagpur and formal degrees from Syracuse and Wisconsin, KEE brought to the subject a contextual sensitivity. When the now historical SITE was being planned and executed, he exposed us to the nuances of technological determinism and rigor that was needed to evaluate deployment of satellite technology for delivering television. His long inland letters to us in the field were both instructional and raising questions. I still remember my stay in the villages where for various reasons television was not working or not kept in place at the designated time. Television centric as I was I wrote to him asking to be deployed elsewhere. Perceptive as he was he wrote back saying that the purpose of the study is not just television but to understand a whole lot of other factors for such community initiatives. I stayed back to develop better insights. My constant exchange of views continued. In 1991 we worked together on a collaborative project on Journalism and communication education in SAARC intended to assess and promote production of text books in the subject.
His classes were rather brief but full of queries that initially made us suspect that he was merely passing the buck. Not used to focused reading, he inspired us to study articles and papers that would help us respond successfully to our questions. Widely travelled and networked he provided leads to many scholars and professors in various other universities to many of us quite keen on pursuing higher studies. The network of scholars engaged in political economy of communication opened up with one introduction he gave to Prof. Bill Melody. Travel abroad was quite difficult those days and in the absence of liberal bank loans and restricted foreign exchange our approach to higher studies had to be focused and aimed at getting scholarship or aid. References from KEE helped us to directly correspond with academics and work towards our research goals.
He formally retired from university service in early 1980s but continued his professional association with national and international associations in the discipline. His regular reflections on media and communication issues have appeared in publications such as the Hindu, Deccan Herald and the Frontline. He kept in touch with his students and friends with snail mail (hand written) and looked forward to constant updates. His involvement with local institutions has lead to a demand from the local citizens that a park be named after him. He lived by himself with visits from his students and by numerous nephews and nieces who took good care of him.
KEE wanted a perfect institutional mechanism for communication education. Mechanism that would constantly contribute its alumni to the media and academic world and a flourishing active publishing in scholarly and peer reviewed journals. He was untiring in his laments as far as status of media education and training was concerned:

The U.S. thrust has continued into the 1990s. The Indian educational level has risen to graduate programmes and Indian scholars settled in the States also now come under the Fulbright umbrella, with no radical departures from the Singh and Wolseley days. Even the Indian Institute of Mass Communication, New Delhi, established in 1965, was conceptualised by the Wilbur Schramm Team of American experts. Despite its 25 years, the Institute has not been able to enrich indigenous scholarship very much.

India has strongly articulated during the 1970s for a New World Information and Communication Order (NWICO), but had taken little follow-up action in the academic aspects of education in communication. Arguments for a new order had to be accompanied by efforts at the grassroots level of professional instruction. University approaches still remain rather frozen at the pre-NWICO stage. Course contents have not substantially changed, nor the books used in support of undergraduate and graduate courses. This is not a specifically Indian lacuna. The SAARC region, of which India is an important component, suffers from the same maladies. The need for books to reflect national realities has not been met. Most books in use are in English, and the American orientation persists. It is not argued here that there is anything intrinsically wrong with them but the point is that foreign books are produced for foreign purposes and not for India or Pakistan.

While lamenting the lack of such avenues in India he would constantly urge and work towards creating such bodies. The Indian Council for Communication Training and Research (ICCTR) was his idea and he spent considerable energy in formalising it. However, call it apathy or lack of appreciation we were not able to sustain it and that was a complaint he had against us. Dormant as it is, its revival may perhaps be one way of honouring his memory and contribution. He invested his meagre resources and initiated a periodic lecture series. Justice Thomas, UR Ananthamurthy and UR Rao are among the eminent persons who have delivered lectures under this initiative.
Occasionally he used to converse about his hardships, getting away from Kerala, life in Hyderabad, the glory of Hislop college days, Wisconsin and Syracuse days and his friends, the high and the mighty he knew and had occasionally used to get his way for developing institutions. His large collections of books and conference papers have been gifted to a local library and he always used to refer to a large collection of papers and correspondence that told several stories.
He was a mentor to VOICES, an NGO working in the area of media advocacy and social change for some time. VOICES were also instrumental in establishing one of the first community radio initiatives in Buddukote, Karnataka.  His views on communication education entitled, “Communication: A discipline in distress” raised several questions and also became a rallying point for charges and counter charges. A rare honour was bestowed upon him by two students and several scholars when they published a widely reviewed book in his honour  entitled, “Looking Inwards...essays in honour of KEE” in 2001. The Karnataka government bestowed upon him its highest civilian award, the Rajyotsva award in 2005.
Kaarle Nordenstreng, a leading scholar in Professional education at the University of Tampere in Finland refers to KEE as a “milestone colleague of media scholarship as well as in the IAMCR family His participation in IAMCR started in the 1970s and throughout the 1980s he was involved in the Professional Education Section and its ‘textbook project’ where he was in charge of India & SAARC countries.” Prof UR Ananthamurthy while reflecting on his association with KEE recalled his Eapen Endowment lecture on storytelling.  Kuldip Nayar and late HY Sharadaprasad are among the noted media personalities who respected his work and interest in communication and media education. Kuldip Nayar in a separate communication for another purpose said: “KEE is father of Journalism schools in India. Even after giving 50 years of his life to this field, he continues to pursue his dream to make journalism schools a place where the basic values of the profession are imparted...”
To many of his friends and students his death is no doubt a loss. But in a way he was liberated from the condition he was in. For an active person to be bedridden and not be able to engage in mental activity is perhaps not the best condition. We all felt it when we used to see him. He willed his inheritance and earnings to the cause of institutions working for empowerment of the needy. To us he has bequeathed knowledge, understanding and critical abilities to work through the maze of developments affecting our world and the role of communication and media. Thank you KEE, nay sir.
 Prof B.P. Sanjay was KEE’s student during 1974-77. Since then he was engaged in exchange of ideas and collaborative research work with him. Several other students & scholars are contemplating suitable ways of honouring the life and contributions of KEE through scholastic endeavours. There may be others known to him with similar ideas. Please contact bpssn@uohyd.ernet.in to facilitate our efforts
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